Scientific Modeling Approach
1. Target Population Kinetics
Maternal/Fetal Vulnerability
Source: [Vethaak & Legler 2021 - Translocation potential]A compromised gut barrier (e.g., IBD) amplifies the tiny fraction of particles (f_gut) that successfully enter the blood.
2. Ingestion Pathways
Water Concentration (C_water) [p/L]
Source: [Danopoulos et al. 2020]Water Intake (IR_water) [L/day]
Source: [WHO Water Intake Guidelines]Dietary MNP Load [particles/day]
Source: [Cox et al. 2019]3. Inhalation & Mucociliary Clearance
Indoor Dust Conc. (C_dust) [p/m³]
Source: [Vianello et al. 2019]Breathing Rate (IR_breath) [m³/hr]
Source: [EPA, Adult resting/light activity]Oral Deposition Fraction (DF_oral)
Source: [ICRP Respiratory Tract Model]Hours Indoors (Hours_in) [hr/day]
Source: [Klepeis et al. 2001 - NHAPS]4. Translocation & Placental Transfer
Morphology & Size (Size Weighting)
Acts as an arbitrary multiplier applied to the total dose to emphasize the higher toxicity and translocation potential of smaller particles.
Placental Transfer Index (PTI)
A fixed, theoretical ratio of the maternal dose that reaches the foetus.
5. Hazard Characterization
Polymer & Chemical Profile
Source: [Lithner et al. 2011]6. Risk Matrix Options